Harut

Harut (Haroth, Haurvatati, Haroot) - usually linked with Maroth in Islamic legend.  Harut was sent down from Heaven (with Maroth) to teach mortals the art of government (see the Koran, sura 2, 102).  In Persian lore, Harut and Maroth were angels of the highest rank, claimed to be 2 of the amesha spentas, and in possession of the secret name of God; this name unhappily they revealed to Zobra or Zuhrah, a mortal woman, with whom they both fell in love.  A footnote to Ode 14 of Hafiz (in theEnglish rendering by Richard Le Gallienne) states that, by the power of the Explicit Name, Zuhrah ascended to the planet Venus "with which she became identified in Mohammedan mythology"; and goes on to say that the fallen angels (Marut and Harut) "were punished by being confined, head down, in a pit near Babylon, where they were supposed to teach magic and sorcery."  In Hastings, Encyclopaedia of Religion and Ethics IV, 615, the pair are characterized as "fallen angels with a Satanic role." (a)

Haurvatati (Haurvatat) - an angel in Arabic lore derived from the amesha spentas; also called Chordad. (a)

Haurvatat ("wholeness") - in Zoroastrianism, one of the 6 amesha spentas (archangels). Haurvatat is female and the personification of salvation.  She is also a spirit of the waters.  In Mandaean lore she is known as Harudha, or equated with Harudha, since the latter is male. [Rf. Grundriss der iranischen Philologie III.]  Some scholars see a derivation of the Koranic fallen angel Harut from this Persian archangel. [Rf. Jung, Fallen Angels in Jewish, Christian and Mohammedan Literature, p. 131.] (a)

(a) "The Dictionary of Angels" by Gustav Davidson, © 1967